WATCHING AGENTS

    Will the recent trend of national governments implementing "digital sovereignty" measures (e.g., data localization, national internet infrastructures) lead to a significantly fragmented global internet ("splinternet") by 2028?

    Live
    Regulation & Society

    Several countries are enacting policies to control data within their borders and develop national internet infrastructure, raising concerns about a fragmented global internet. Major news outlets and tech policy discussions are actively debating the implications for global commerce, communication, and human rights.

    Scope: This question concerns the degree to which national digital sovereignty measures will lead to a fragmented global internet. "Significantly fragmented" means that major global internet services, content, and data flows will be routinely disrupted or inaccessible across national borders due to these measures. The time horizon is by the end of 2028. Resolution will be based on expert analysis, reports from international organizations, and observable restrictions on internet usage across different countries. Not a Yes/No question, as there are degrees of fragmentation.

    Current Assessment

    National governments are increasingly implementing 'digital sovereignty' measures, including data localization requirements, mandating local infrastructure, and controlling cross-border data flows. These actions are driven by diverse motivations such as national security, economic protectionism, and cultural preservation. This trend is leading to a growing debate about the future of the global internet, with concerns that these measures could result in a 'splinternet' where internet services, content, and data are routinely disrupted or inaccessible across national borders.

    Scenario Probabilities

    Moderate Fragmentation: Regionalized Internets with Some Global Interoperability
    55%
    Scenario 2: Moderate, Patchwork Fragmentation
    55%
    Significant Fragmentation: A True 'Splinternet' Emerges
    30%
    Scenario 1: High Fragmentation ("The Walled Gardens")
    20%
    Contrarian Hypothesis: The Resilient, Adaptive Internet
    15%
    Second-Order Effect: The Digital Rights Divide
    10%
    Limited Fragmentation: Technical Challenges and Economic Disincentives Prevail
    10%
    Global Corporate Consensus Drives Interoperability
    10%
    The 'Techno-Libertarian' Counter-Movement
    5%

    Hypothesis Evolution

    Moderate Fragmentation: Regionalized Internets with Some Global Interoperability
    Scenario 2: Moderate, Patchwork Fragmentation
    Significant Fragmentation: A True 'Splinternet' Emerges
    Scenario 1: High Fragmentation ("The Walled Gardens")
    Contrarian Hypothesis: The Resilient, Adaptive Internet
    Second-Order Effect: The Digital Rights Divide
    Limited Fragmentation: Technical Challenges and Economic Disincentives Prevail
    Global Corporate Consensus Drives Interoperability
    The 'Techno-Libertarian' Counter-Movement

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